Bela Bartok, Richard Strauss

Overview

Richard Strauss                 Sonata for Violin and Piano Op. 18

Bela Bartok                         Sonata for Violin and Piano (1903)

Levon Ambartsumian       Sonata for Violin and Piano Op.18

Anatoly Sheludyakov        Sonata for Violin and Piano (1903)

Richard Strauss wrote only five instrumental chamber works: a sonata for violin, for cello, for piano, a string quartet, and a piano quartet. All these works belong to Strauss’ first period, and demonstrate the young composer’s respect for traditional forms, showing clear influence of Strauss’ great predecessors- Beethoven, Schumann, and Brahms.

The violin sonata op. 18 (1887) was the last piece of chamber music that Strauss wrote, and it is definitely the finest and most popular of these early works. Strauss valued the Sonata very highly, performing it himself well into the 1930s. Written just one year before the symphonic poem Don Juan, the violin sonata, while based on a traditional sonata model, unfolds new expressive characteristics of future operas and symphonic poems.

The Sonata for Violin and Piano was composed in 1903 and premiered in Budapest on January 25, 1904 by Bartok and Hungarian violinist Jeno Hubay. At the time Bartok was studying piano at the Budapest Academy with Istvan Thomas, a pupil of Liszt, and composition with Janos Koessler. Another important musical influence on young Bartok was Richard Strauss, whom he met at the Budapest performance of Strauss’ works in 1902. Since the Sonata was written before Bartok’s collaboration with Zoltan Kodaly in collection, arrangement, and study of folk music, the work bears little resemblance to Bartok’s mature style. Influences of Liszt and Strauss are clearly heard throughout the piece.